Identify exponential baselines, construct and fit logarithmic responses, and use transformed inverses with explicit domains. School algebra and graph reading suffice; this is a focused extension, not complete AP preparation.
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Readiness and preparation
Check your starting point
Try these short questions on paper, then compare your reasoning. They are optional self-checks, not a placement score or a navigation requirement. Use a targeted review when useful and return with your browser’s Back control.
Does a constant output ratio identify an exponential with an unknown vertical shift?
A baseline changes raw ratios, so a shifted model needs a different diagnostic.
Compare reasoning and find a refresher
For equally spaced inputs, y=k+A b^t has a constant ratio after subtracting k. Differences between successive outputs also form a geometric pattern when the model is nonconstant. Raw ratios need not be constant.
Inverses and inequalities must preserve the original domain.
Compare reasoning and find a refresher
For log base b of u, require u>0, b>0 and b≠1. A base between zero and one is valid but reverses order. Keep these restrictions when rewriting equations.